Criminal Law
Peyman Namamian
Abstract
International Criminal Court (ICC) has no jurisdiction over the crimes of terrorism. Initially, combating terrorism served as the motivation toward creating an ICC. In 1937, under the auspices of the League of Nations, an international convention against terrorism and an annexed statute of ICC were drafted. ...
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International Criminal Court (ICC) has no jurisdiction over the crimes of terrorism. Initially, combating terrorism served as the motivation toward creating an ICC. In 1937, under the auspices of the League of Nations, an international convention against terrorism and an annexed statute of ICC were drafted. Neither of these documents entered into force. Contemporary international criminal law, however, focuses on the prosecution and punishment of crimes committed in connection to large-scale armed conflicts. The only solution to eradicate terrorism is the consensus of the governments in a comprehensive document on the definition, examples, exceptions and criminal mechanisms in the fight against terrorism. Until then, we cannot expect international criminal law to fight terrorism well, and we will witness an increase in the number of victims of this sinister phenomenon.However, Rome Statute has gone into action and the court will begin its activity toward achieving the goals.
Criminal Law
Shima naderi; Majid Motallebi
Abstract
The right to environment is viewed as a concept of human rights third generation in the international arena. Since the environment is recognized as a common heritage of humanity in international documents so as not to endanger the lives of present and future generations, damage to this rich heritage ...
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The right to environment is viewed as a concept of human rights third generation in the international arena. Since the environment is recognized as a common heritage of humanity in international documents so as not to endanger the lives of present and future generations, damage to this rich heritage must be prevented or reduced using explicit criminal law requirements in treaties and conventions. The study depicts the criminal protection of the right to a clean environment through library tools with a descriptive-analytical method aimed at presenting the governments’ role in international environmental conventions. Governments only have civil liability for environmental degradation. However, considering the environment as a common heritage of humanity, crimes against it are considered as crimes against humanity. On the other hand, these crimes jeopardize international peace and security; therefore, the wrongdoing government can be prosecuted under Chapter 7 of the UN Charter and convicted to paying compensation.
