Environmental Law
Abbas Poorhashemi; Sahar Zarei
Abstract
Environmental protection is confronted by many political, economic, and social problems. In the case regarding Whaling in the Antarctic, (Australia v. Japan: New Zealand Intervening) in March 2014, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) decided that the Japanese whaling programme in the Antarctic (JARPA ...
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Environmental protection is confronted by many political, economic, and social problems. In the case regarding Whaling in the Antarctic, (Australia v. Japan: New Zealand Intervening) in March 2014, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) decided that the Japanese whaling programme in the Antarctic (JARPA II, in force since 2005) did not consider as a “scientific research objectives.” In this perspective, the Court concluded that the catching, taking and killing of whales under this programme did not qualify as an exemption provided in the Article VIII of the International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling (1964), which authorizes the contracting parties the capture of whales for scientific research purposes. The purpose of this study is to examine and analyze the ICJ’s judgment in this case and to demonstrate the opportunities and challenges of this judgment in the progressive development of international environmental law.
Environmental Law
Sahar Zarei; Negin Mosavi Madani
Abstract
Environmental protection and sustainable development are the most important issues which show typically interdependence between cultural, economic, political, social and environmental aspects at the national, regional and global dimensions. International cooperation for environmental protection and sustainable ...
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Environmental protection and sustainable development are the most important issues which show typically interdependence between cultural, economic, political, social and environmental aspects at the national, regional and global dimensions. International cooperation for environmental protection and sustainable development is one of the pillars of the second half of the 20st and 21st centuries. It is important to note that international environmental cooperation involves many issues in global and regional dimensions. In addition, this cooperation in environmental protection takes two forms in Institutional and Non institutional cooperation. For this purpose, this research aims to analyze the international cooperation for environmental protection in the multidisciplinary approach in two principal parts: Global & Regional cooperation and Institutional & Non institutional cooperation. The paper also examines the legal basis of international environmental protection. Finally, this study has found that institutionalization of international cooperation is a key of the implementation of international environmental law.
