International Cooperation for Environmental Protection in the 21st Century
Sahar
Zarei
Assistant Professor of Law, Faculty of Human Sciences, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
author
Negin
Mosavi Madani
MA Dept. of environmental law, Islamic Azad University, Science and research branch, Tehran, Iran.
author
text
article
2020
eng
Environmental protection and sustainable development are the most important issues which show typically interdependence between cultural, economic, political, social and environmental aspects at the national, regional and global dimensions. International cooperation for environmental protection and sustainable development is one of the pillars of the second half of the 20st and 21st centuries. It is important to note that international environmental cooperation involves many issues in global and regional dimensions. In addition, this cooperation in environmental protection takes two forms in Institutional and Non institutional cooperation. For this purpose, this research aims to analyze the international cooperation for environmental protection in the multidisciplinary approach in two principal parts: Global & Regional cooperation and Institutional & Non institutional cooperation. The paper also examines the legal basis of international environmental protection. Finally, this study has found that institutionalization of international cooperation is a key of the implementation of international environmental law.
CIFILE Journal of International Law
Canadian Institute for International Law Expertise (CIFILE)
2563-6820
1
v.
2
no.
2020
1
7
https://www.cifilejournal.com/article_103856_a549a4a7109a60f27c9350e2b8d7ecb2.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30489/cifj.2020.210212.1010
Law relating to Biotechnology
Sreenivasulu
S
NAtional University of Juridical Sciences, Kolkata, India
author
text
article
2020
eng
The book attempts to present the law relating to biotechnology regulation at international, regional and national levels. The various legal issues pertinent to biotechnology including but not limited to policy issues, intellectual property issues, trade related aspects of biotechnology, environmental concerns of biotechnology, biodiversity matters of biotechnology, human rights concerns in biotechnology have been debated with the help of various international documents and judicial decisions made by the international legal institutions and as well judicial bodies in the select regions such as USA, UK, Europe and India. At the out set the book attempts to present and analyze the law relating to biotechnology in a lucid way while analyzing the historical, colonial, 20th century and as well contemporary developments in this regard. At the moment there is no book which is similar to the current one analyzing most of the touching issues of law and policy on biotechnology.
CIFILE Journal of International Law
Canadian Institute for International Law Expertise (CIFILE)
2563-6820
1
v.
2
no.
2020
8
13
https://www.cifilejournal.com/article_106202_e1f433509cc22061adc585dab5100e66.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30489/cifj.2020.217732.1012
Environmental Impact of Climate Change on National Security
Sobhan
Tayebi
Lecture, Tehran, Iran
author
Zeinab
Mazinanian
M.A, Dep. International Law, Damavand Azad University, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2020
eng
Today, different groups of activists have failed to improve the climate regime. Climate change and global warming are regarded as two factors, which play a significant role in threatening human security since food shortages, water scarcity, environmental degradation, poverty, disease outbreaks, and mass migration can separately lead to national security, which will undermine and contribute to the failed government scenario. In the domestic and global arena, the security of the modern government becomes meaningful with respect to superior power, and the society is considered insecure even if it faces with a lack of threats. In the modern national security discourse, we see an increase in security software, in addition to its hardware. The present study aimed to provide an analysis of the environmental impacts of climate change on national security in the context of international environmental law through a cross-disciplinary approach to international law and geopolitics.
CIFILE Journal of International Law
Canadian Institute for International Law Expertise (CIFILE)
2563-6820
1
v.
2
no.
2020
14
23
https://www.cifilejournal.com/article_106532_68da31e3f114aa842d183790c79c310e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30489/cifj.2020.207971.1009
Jurisprudence,Refinement and Interpretation of International Humanitarian law in Non International Armed Conflict:A Study of Mali and South Sudan
Kudakwashe
Mapako
No.2318,Yuhangtang Rd,Cangqian
author
text
article
2020
eng
International humanitarian law is a body of rules that regulate means and methods of warfare in an armed conflict in order to mitigate if not avoid lose of civilian lives and for those who are no longer taking direct part in hostilities. A non-international armed conflict involves armed confrontation between a state and belligerent groups, insurgent groups, armed militias or armed groups or armed confrontation between armed groups within a state. This paper attempts to examine the effectiveness of International humanitarian law in non international armed conflict. It also delves into the refinement and interpretation of International Humanitarian Law in non international armed conflict by paying attention to the International Humanitarian law mechanism and developments as far as non international armed conflict is concerned.This paper also pays attention to the transition of armed groups means of engagement vis-a-vis application of international humanitarian law jurisprudence.
CIFILE Journal of International Law
Canadian Institute for International Law Expertise (CIFILE)
2563-6820
1
v.
2
no.
2020
24
32
https://www.cifilejournal.com/article_106533_8ed2cf8b79be0ece055b2785d774058b.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30489/cifj.2020.221032.1014
Emergence of “International Environmental Law”: as a new branch of International Public Law.”
Abbas
Poorhashemi
President of the Canadian Institute for International Law Expertise (CIFILE), Toronto, Canada
author
text
article
2020
eng
The purpose of this paper is to describe and analyze the challenges and opportunities for the development of international environmental law. This article is a brief description of "international environmental law" as a new branch of public international law. Further, it attempts to provide some knowledge on the sources and principles of international environmental law. The environmental problems in the contemporary world are amongst the most urgent that requires an immediate collective response from the states. Since the environment is a transboundary issue, a single country's effort is not enough, but all countries have to collaborate. In this regard, the solution may be twofold: either work together on having an international instrument or at least give similar concern to environmental problems in domestic environmental law. As we all are living together on this planet, the best way is, yet, working together on implementing international environmental law.
CIFILE Journal of International Law
Canadian Institute for International Law Expertise (CIFILE)
2563-6820
1
v.
2
no.
2020
33
39
https://www.cifilejournal.com/article_106534_028ca1405e65dbf20ac818b4b596b38b.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30489/cifj.2020.218985.1013
Artificial Intelligence and Human Rights, an Unequal Struggle
Maria Stefania
Cataleta
Sapienza University of Rome, politica Science Department
author
Anna
Cataleta
Politecnico, Milan, Italy
author
text
article
2020
eng
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a kind of intelligence that was born in the 1950s and is an integral part of the digital revolution. Progress made by AI has permitted the birth of systems capable of rivalling human capacities or, in some cases, surpassing them. The progress of the intellectual capacities of AI will change the way of life for human beings and will revolutionise the world of employment. Intelligent systems present problems regarding individual rights and responsibilities, because as technology replaces more and more of what humans have typically done, our individual roles will become more blurred. The goal of this analysis is to measure the developments of AI in relation to its impact on society, in particular on human rights, fundamental liberties, and ethics. This is an unexplored topic within the vast field of AI upon which this paper will expound.
CIFILE Journal of International Law
Canadian Institute for International Law Expertise (CIFILE)
2563-6820
1
v.
2
no.
2020
41
63
https://www.cifilejournal.com/article_107380_67c700d685169c365119d8c673919772.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30489/cifj.2020.223561.1015