Human Rights
Anahit Chilingaryan; Mariam Antonyan
Abstract
Persons with psychosocial and intellectual disabilities are particularly vulnerable during emergencies, such as armed conflicts, primarily when confined in large institutions, making them entirely dependent on them. Adequate protection measures and treatment are necessary to ensure their safety during ...
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Persons with psychosocial and intellectual disabilities are particularly vulnerable during emergencies, such as armed conflicts, primarily when confined in large institutions, making them entirely dependent on them. Adequate protection measures and treatment are necessary to ensure their safety during such situations. This article examines how the absence of community-based services for people with psychosocial and intellectual disabilities and their institutionalization affects their protection during armed conflicts. The conclusion drawn is that protection mechanisms for people with psychosocial and intellectual disabilities before, during, and after military conflict, as well as the implementation of International Humanitarian Law norms, should be based on the principles of autonomy, equality, and the rights of people with disabilities in accordance with the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. Furthermore, the lack of community-based policies may lead to the forced institutionalization of individuals with psychosocial and intellectual disabilities who are displaced.
Economic and Internet Law
Ghasemali Sabouri; Atefeh Amininiya
Abstract
One of the essential needs of human societies is the desire to evolve and achieve prosperity and facilities which is made possible by financial transactions. These transactions are not possible except through the mechanisms of international law in the commercial and financial sectors. With the growth ...
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One of the essential needs of human societies is the desire to evolve and achieve prosperity and facilities which is made possible by financial transactions. These transactions are not possible except through the mechanisms of international law in the commercial and financial sectors. With the growth of such cooperation, the need for international laws and regulations in these two sectors has increased every day to the point that even countries' domestic laws to facilitate trade have become a part of international law. In this paper, international financial law and the challenges of its implementation, along with the role of Islamic Jurisprudence financial law point of view, have been studied. A solution has been provided using the "Tazahom" perspective. Tazahom in Islamic jurisprudence means being between two interests, and naturally, these two are for the sake of society and based on the needs of today.
Business Law
Vugar Rustamli
Abstract
Nowadays it is difficult to imagine the resolution of disputes in international and domestic commercial relations without the arbitration and mediation processes. In today’s globalized world, where the countries are integrated and commercial relations are intertwined, alternative dispute resolution, ...
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Nowadays it is difficult to imagine the resolution of disputes in international and domestic commercial relations without the arbitration and mediation processes. In today’s globalized world, where the countries are integrated and commercial relations are intertwined, alternative dispute resolution, along with the litigation, play an important role in the resolution of commercial disputes. Especially, if the parties are in different jurisdictions, alternative dispute resolution becomes more important for them. And integration into the modern world is one of the main factors for the all-round development of every country. For this reason, after the collapse of the USSR, countries which gained independence also started integrating into international law, international economic processes and associations. As a post-Soviet state, Republic of Azerbaijan also adopted many conventions and became a member of different international organizations. Azerbaijan’s integration process also made the establishment of new dispute resolution mechanisms a necessity for the country.
Trade and Development Law
Abebe Bahiru Bezabh
Abstract
Nowadays, unilateral termination of international treaties is repeatedly exercised and becomes normal and justified by states’ strict sense of protection of sovereign interest. This article aims to assess the legal standards and impacts of unilateral termination of international treaties by analyzing ...
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Nowadays, unilateral termination of international treaties is repeatedly exercised and becomes normal and justified by states’ strict sense of protection of sovereign interest. This article aims to assess the legal standards and impacts of unilateral termination of international treaties by analyzing the US unilateral termination of the Treaty on Elimination of Intermediate-Range Nuclear Force (INF treaty) signed by the US and the USSR in 1987. The finding shows that the US terminated the INF treaty in 2019 by alleging Russia violated the Treaty, and the justification considered ‘an extraordinary event that jeopardizes supreme interest’. This paper argues that the termination negated the purpose of the Treaty and had different alternatives to avoid withdrawal, but options have been overlooked. The termination endangers normative principles of flexibility, good faith, and trust in international law of treaties that can lead parties into dangerous escalation in the intensifying global arms race to provoke a nuclear war.
